Moraceae
Milicia excelsa
Iroko · Mvule
T
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This large deciduous tree reaches 30-50 metres in height, often developing buttressed trunks and a spreading, umbrella-like crown. Its thick, pale grey bark exudes a white latex when damaged, while the broad, ovate leaves feature a distinctive rectangular network of veins on the underside. It produces small green fruits, eaten by birds and bats, and is highly valued for its durable, golden-brown timber, often likened to teak, used in construction and furniture.
Where it works in Kilifi
Ideal for large landscapes or restoration projects along the Kilifi coast, this tree thrives in full sun and fertile, well-drained soils, though it can tolerate a dry season. It should be spaced widely, at least 20 metres apart, to accommodate its mature size and provide ample shade.
Growing notes
A fast-growing species when young, it requires consistent moisture initially but becomes tolerant of dry periods once established, particularly if it can access groundwater. Young plants benefit from some shade to protect against pests, but mature trees demand intense light and cannot endure deep shade.
Sources
Researched with web grounding from: worldagroforestry.org, pfaf.org, africagoldsuppliers.com, wikipedia.org, cabidigitallibrary.org, bloompots.com. Please verify with local knowledge before relying on these notes.