Bixaceae
Bixa orellana
Annatto, Lipstick Tree · Mzingifuri, Mrangi
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Not currently in the nursery
We can propagate most native species on request — get in touch to discuss timeline and quantity.
About
This perennial evergreen shrub or small tree grows 2-8 metres tall, featuring ovate, heart-shaped leaves that are green or dark green. It produces clusters of showy white or pink, rose-like flowers, which are followed by distinctive bristly, spiny, reddish-brown to bright red seed pods. These pods contain seeds covered in a waxy aril, the source of the natural orange-red annatto dye used widely in food and cosmetics.
Where it works in Kilifi
Ideal for a Kilifi-coast garden, it thrives in full sun to partial shade and prefers well-draining, moderately fertile soil with consistent moisture. Plant as a striking ornamental specimen, a vibrant hedge, or a valuable addition to food gardens for its dye-producing seeds, spacing plants at least 2-3 metres apart.
Growing notes
This plant exhibits a moderate growth rate, reaching up to 8 metres in height and 4-5 metres wide. Once established, it is relatively drought-resistant but prefers consistent soil moisture, not waterlogged. It is frost-intolerant, requiring warm conditions, and benefits from pruning to maintain shape.
Sources
Researched with web grounding from: wikipedia.org, feedipedia.org, worldagroforestry.org, missouribotanicalgarden.org, ayahealingretreats.com, gardenexplorer.org. Please verify with local knowledge before relying on these notes.